The Great Trek
Diary Of Events Of The Great Trek

1806 Second British occupation of the Cape

1815 Slagters Nek Rebellion

1820 Influx of British missionaries

1822 Proclamation of gradual replacement of Dutch language by English

1824 Retief becomes bankrupt; Lieutenant Farewell receives a grant of land round Port Natal from Shaka

1825 Reforms seriously affect lives of Cape burghers

1826 Cape Colony's boundary extended to Orange river

1828 Fiftieth Ordinance allows more freedom to the Hottentots

1834 Emancipation of Slaves; Commissie Treks set out (Christmas) 4th Kafir War begins

1835(early) Tregardt crosses orange river and remains near Caledon river
JuneDr Smith pays visit to Mzilikazi
December Potgieter begins to trek north from Tarka; Rumours of Glenelg revocation of Queen Adelaide circulate

1836(early) Tregardt prepares to trek north
February Potgieter party crosses Orange river
March Tredgardt crosses Vaal river
May Potgieter reaches Sand river and leaves to make contact with Tregardt
May (end) Tregardt reaches Zoutpansberg
June Potgieter joins Tregardt at Zoutpansberg
June 27 Potgieter reconnoitres over Limpopo river
July 15(circa) Van Rensburg massacre
July (end) Potgieter returns to Tregardt's camp; Tregardt leaves to search for the Van Rensburg party
August Tredgardt crosses Vaal river; Maritz trek leaves for the north from Graaff Reinet; Potgieter leaves Zoutpansberg
August 25 Matabele attack trekker parties which have crossed Vaal river
September 2 Potgieter rejoins his party at Sand river
October 16 Battle of Vegkop
November (early) Maritz reaches Blesberg
December 2 Maritz and Potgieter draw up a constitution for trekkers

1837 January 17 attack on Mosega
February Retief's manifesto is published
MarchTregardt sends first message to Lourenço Marques; Potgieter moves to Winburg area
April 10 Tregardt sends off second message to Lourenço Marques
April 17 Retief elected Governor; Uys moves north from Uitenhage
May Tregardt sends third message to Lourenço Marques
June Meeting approves constitution of Maatschappij; Uys arrives at United Laagers
June(end) Smit installed as Trekkers' Predikant
August 7 Buys arrived at Tregardt's camp on Doorn river to conduct his party to Lourenço Marques
August 23 Tregardt sets off for Lourenço Marques
September 9 Retief announces that passes over Berg have been found
September 13 Trekkers hold meeting at Sand river and split into two groups; one under Retief heading for Berg, while Potgieter and Maritz ride north and organise a second punitive expedition against Matabele
October 2 Retief camps at site of Bethlehem
October 7 Retief gets first view of Natal; Rev. Francis Owen arrives at Umgungundhlovu
October 10 Retief arrives Port Natal
October 19 Greyling camps at Kerkenberg
November 4-12 Running fight against Matabele at Kapain
November 7 Retief arrives at Umgungundhlovu
November 11 Retief's messengers arrive at Kerkenberg
November 13 Trekkers begin the descent of the Berg
November 27 Retief rejoins his followers
November 30 Tregardt arrives at summit of Berg
December 23 Tregardt completes descent of Berg
December 28 Retief sets off for Sekonyela's country

1838January Sir George Napier succeeds Sir Benjamin D'Urban as Governor of the Cape
January 25 Retief sets off on his second visit to Umgungundhlovu
February 3 Retief arrives at Umgungundhlovu
February 6 Retief's party massacred on Kwa Matiwane
February 16/17 Bloukrans massacre
February 22 Tregardt reaches point west of Acornhoek and approaches low veld
March 13 Tregardt crosses Lebombo range
April 11 Vlug Commando ambushed at Italeni
April 13 Tregardt arrives Lourenço Marques
April 17 `Grand Army of Natal' destroyed at Ndondakusuka
April 20 Peffer dies
May 1 Mrs Tregardt dies
May 16 Landman annexes Port Natal By this time Potgieter was two days west of the Berg
June (middle) Potgieter acquires land between Vaal and Vet
August 10 Tregardt closes his diary
August 13 successful Boer defence of Veglaer
September 23 Maritz dies in Sooilaer
October 25 Tregardt dies at Lourenço Marques
November Potgieter settles at Potchefstroom
November 22 Pretorius reaches Sooilaer with reinforcements
November 28 Wen Commando moves out of Sooilaer
December 4 British troops land at Port Natal
December 9 Oath of the Covenant
December 16 Battle of Blood river
December 16 Union Jack raised at Port Natal
December 27 Battle of the White Umfolozi
December 31 Pretorius burns the kraals round Umgungundhlovu prior to his departure
1839July Twenty-five survivors of the Tregardt trek are evacuated from Lourenço Marques
October Mpande flees into Natal with his followers
December 24 Jervis evacuates Port Natal
1840January 14 Pretorius leads Beeste Commando over the Tugela
January 29 Execution of Tambuza and Kombesana
January 30 Nongalaza defeats Dingaan's army north of the Mkuzi river
February 14 Mpande crowned King of the Zulus
October Loose federation between Natalia and the high veld republics formed
December 19 Pretorius attacks Nkapi's kraals
1842 March (end) British troops under Major Smith begin march on Port Natal
April 25 Natalian Volksraad under influence of J. A. Smellekamp offers Natalia to King of the Netherlands
May 3 British troops reoccupy Port Natal
May 23/24 Battle of Congella
June 25 Boer siege of Port Natal raised
December 12 British Cabinet decide on annexation of Natal
1844 April 9 Potgieter declared independence of Winburg-Potchefstroom
1845 April 30 Battle of Zwartkoppies
June Potgieter treks to Ohrigstad
December Republic of Natalia formally ceased to exist
1846 June-September Factional strife at Ohrigstad begins to reach its peak
1847 June Potgieter leads reconnaissance across Limpopo and then revisits the Zoutpansberg district
(end) Pretorius leads burghers from Natal to high veld
December Sir Harry Smith becomes Governor of the Cape
1848 (early) Potgeiter's people migrate to the Zoutpansberg
February 3 Sir Harry Smith declares annexation of the Orange River Sovereignty
August 29 Battle of Boomplaats
1852 February 17 Sand River Convention
March 16 Reconciliation of Potgieter and Pretorius
August Potgieter leads his last commando in Sekwatiland
December 16 Potgieter dies
1853 July 23 Pretorius dies
1854 February 23 British abandon the Orange River Sovereignty
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