Cultural Evolutionary Model
From 'Human Antiquity' chapter 15 'The Evolution Of Civilization' by Lewis Henry Morgan

Morgan believed (1877) that all cultures passed through these stages of development, although some became "stuck" in a stage. A simpler explanation is that these 'stages' are levels of understanding achieved by a civilisation.

Level Of UnderstandingCharacteristic
CivilisationAlphabet and writing
Barbarism Upper Iron tools
Middle Domestication of plants and animals
Lower Pottery
SavageryUpperBow and arrow
Middle Fish subsistence and fire
Lower Fruit and nut subsistence