Works By Australian Authors
Science Wish List by Rodney Bartlett
TEA for SPOT
(contribution # 6 - written April 22. 1994)
Perhaps one of the most beneficial discoveries civilisation
could make is that, just like travellers on buses or planes,
space and time could also have a transit point (T-Spot).
This contribution likes talking about mathematics, so I'll
include this thought - A decade ago Stephen Hawking and J.B.
Hartle agreed that time is finite, but without a beginning.
Applying quantum theory as presently understood results in
time becoming finite but without beginning; applying a
revised interpretation of quantum theory could conceivably
result in an infinite time - which Einstein's equations
support - that has a beginning (the word t infinite' could
then mean 'forever expanding').
There is 'a powerful statement in mathematical topology
known as the fixed-point theorem. The fixed-point theorem,
which was proved before World War I by the Dutch
mathematician Luitzen Egbertus ban Brouwer, states that when
a surface is subjected to certain forms of continuous
distortion, at least one point of the surface will remain
"fixed", or stationary. Put in this dry, abstract way, the
theorem may not seem remarkable, but it has many impressive
consequences for the physical world.
'The fixed-point theorem . . . applies to the human head and
to other spheres, such as the Earth. It states that-
mathematically, a sphere cannot be associated with a
continuous field of radiating lines without there being a
fixed point. For a head of hair this means that there must
be a fixed point, or whorl, from which the hair radiates.
For the Earth this means that the wind cannot be blowing
everywhere on the surface at once; there is always a
tranquil spot.'
(from 'Dr. Crypton's Puzzles and Mind-Teasers' - Omega
Science Digest, March/April '83)
If, as seems almost certain, space-time is positively curved
like a sphere (space is a finite but unbounded sphere. time
or subspace is a forever expanding sphere): the fixed-point
theorem must apply to it also. Then one point in space-time
could not be anything like the rest of space-time. We know a
certain length of time elapses when proceeding any distance
through space, whether this refers to a walk down the street
or a flight to some distant star system - but at this
particular spot, the laws of physics could well indicate
just the opposite. Similarly, we can't visit the past or
future - yet in this spot, time travel may be perfectly
normal and practical.
To illustrate the importance of wormhole shortcuts (the
T-Spot would be where wormholes intersect*), visualise the
universe as a giant Mobius strip (an everyday example would
be a strip of paper with a half twist -one of 180 degrees -
and the ends joined to form a loop? that is 15 billion light
years long but only 50,000 miles thick. If you walk around a
paper Mobius strip, you must traverse its entire length once
to reach a spot on the other side of the paper from your
starting point (maybe less than a millimetre distant). In a
spaceship flying around the cosmic Mobius strip, you would
need to travel at the speed of light for 15 billion years to
reach that spot 50,000 miles away if you travelled along the
'surface' of ordinary space-time curvature. But if you could
travel at 80% light-speed directly from start to finish (via
a cosmic wormhole through space-time's curves), you'd reach
your destination in about 1/3 of a second. (This analogy of
the universe to a Mobius strip may be particularly apt since
its constituent particles of matter have the subatomic
property science calls spin described as l/2, which means
they must be turned through two complete revolutions to look
the same - just as one must travel twice around the surface
of a Mobius strip to reach the start again.)
* At first, the T-Spot (a point that is not like any other
spot in space-time) might be associated with the location of
the mini black hole that recycles the universe. I've
associated it with wormhole intersections because in 'Cosmos
Factory' it was suggested that big bangs could regularly
recur. Thus, there would be many mini black holes (each as
massive as a mountain yet only 1/lOOOth the size of an
atom). Each primordial (mini) black hole would, it appears,
naturally generate microscopic wormholes ('Physicists
speculate that some of the more violent fluctuations [in the
case of revised quantum theory, unstable mini black holes
which, being l/lOOOth of an atom's size are, as page 5 of
'Little Big TOE' states, particles in a different dimension
{hyperspace} and at a different point on the same path {ie
on the path of cosmogenesis, 20 lbs. of particles from
familiar space are needed to make particles in hyperspace
but, seemingly paradoxically, hyperspace particles are
required to produce ordinary matter}] may puncture
space-time, creating Lilliputian wormholes' - page 131 of
'Cosmic Mysteries': in the series 'Voyage Through the
Universe' by Time-Life Books). Wormholes' diameters might be
increased by the use of the 'exotic matter' or 'elastic
putty' (matter from hyperspace?) proposed by Caltech
physicist Kip Thorne and his colleagues (see 'BREAKTHROUGHS
in Health and Science': July/August 1990) - the same
technology of the far future might manipulate wormholes'
lengths and orientations in space and time so as to produce
a 'cosmic transit point' (the T-spot).